نشریه سیاست پژوهی تحول در علوم انسانی
پیاپی 1 (تابستان 1401)

Cultural theory, Paradigm (paradigms) Algvhavmfahymy to Marzh that motivation can Tvannddrjnbh variety of private, public, and intellectual life are used ... is a source of cultural theory through which we can consciously react to the world around Vshaydgzynh correct we elect a higher level and achieve Azashraf Vtslt. (Smith, 1387: 8) among resources for a coherent cultural theories refer to Jzfylyp Smith lesser writer Anthony Giddens refers separately to cultural theory. This article attempts to answer these questions will be found that is capable of being among the cultural explanation Anthony Giddens Radard a cultural theory? Also this is the theory of evolution followed a conservative approach or defensive aspects of the situation is? Lzazmn definition of cultural theory, different angles and how to function in society and culture, especially modern life style Azmnzr Anthony Gydnzkh manner in order to defend and rescue Azantqadhay modernity theorists of postmodernism Drlablay writer was writing, comparative content analysis to extract as cultural theory, was describing and explaining.

It can be said of the train concept behind the development and progress of the world over the last hundred and fifty years has been discussed. Since the first defeat of the Tsarist Russia Iranians asking themselves why back off. And to ask themselves the question today. It can even be said to some extent a response to the issue of the backwardness of Islamic Revolution of Iran was formed. After the revolution of one sort or another category of development priorities of governments and thinkers in the Republic. In the meantime, the Supreme Leader has repeatedly emphasized onthe development. And so that the Iranian model - spoke of progress. In this study, researchers are looking for answers to this question. The development from the perspective of what the concept of the supreme leader and how to achieve progress? On the question arises as research hypothesis from the perspective of leadership development that should instead use the special meaning of the concept of progress. And to achieve progress should be a model and native According to the Iranian Islamic model and design. The authors try to help Laclau and Mouffe's discourse approach to review the status of progress of the Supreme Leader's views.

Each concept in each paradigm, ideology and sociology-economic system finds its own and its particular meaning. The concept of the place is no exception. "Place" in "Capitalism system" has a particular meaning too. The place in the capitalism system is only as an "object" in front of "subject", not with it. This object must necessarily be beneficial matter to the subject. Selling place and economic benefit is the beginning of the "commodification of place" in capitalist system. In other words, the dialectic between the intrinsic features of capitalism such as abstraction of time, the nature of capital and the capitalism ontology and epistemology ultimately leads to the commodification of place. In fact, the capitalist system only with continuous production of place and space can survive, while, "place in phenomenology" is the opportunity to live for humans. "Place" is a concept that constituted over time (concrete time) by the local community finds its meaning, in a capitalism system where profit is generated by capital investment in selling place leads to commodification of places, people and society that will lose their identity and historical-cultural background. This article explores why capitalism willing to commodification of place and what is its consequences

In recent years ,There are various  discussions around of being substitute postmodernism viewpoint as type of  thinking and cultural-social view to human’s problems and beliefs to modernism viewpoint in different subjects is common. So that, field of education in generally and curriculum in specially shape engage in flow. According to, present study has done to examine characteristics of postmodern philosophical foundations in curriculum and critique of this foundations based on philosophical foundations of Islamic education. Method of this research is” documental-analytical” Results of this study has showed that philosophical foundations of postmodern curriculum placed in ontological principals upon unbelief to metaphysics; anthropology principals upon shaping of human's essenes via social, historical and cultural relations; epistemological principals upon rejection of wisdom, oracle, temperament and master of linguistic as center of conscious; axiology principals upon center of person and was relative of cosmological principals; aesthetic principals upon subjective criteria of aesthetic and escape of surface understanding and contemplation in essence of experimental aesthetic. In opposition to philosophy foundations of postmodern curriculum, philosophy foundations of Islamic education placed in ontological principals upon beliefs to metaphysic; anthropological principals upon shaping of human essences based on oracle; epistemological principals upon human ability to reach wisdom; axiological principals emphasis on Quran, Islamic foundations, and absolute and changeable values; aesthetic principals emphasis on person’s inherent interest to aesthetic and objective and subjective criteria of beauty. In sum, critique of philosophy foundations of postmodern curriculum based on philosophical foundations of Islamic education, revealed that elimination of metanarrative, cosmological foundations, wisdom, temperament, oracle, and decentralize of human [principals that are part of identity constructer of Islamic education’s philosophy] in postmodern philosophy,have done to access of constructer that spread ideas such as pluralism, relativism, nihilism, and etc.

Heidegger's ideas and thoughts can be studied from different perspectives. One of these perspectives is his hermeneutic theories that has had a great impact on other thinkers and also has led to a revolution in the hermeneutics method, modifying interpretation from author-based to interpreter-based, which is based on unique anthropological and epistemological principles.   The author also states that although one of the new approaches to human is Heidegger's view and his definition of human as “Dasein”, but this attitude is biased on incomprehensive, and is also based on the fixed nature of human, which Heidegger has ignored it. This article tries to criticize and analyze Heidegger's perspective, using Islamic principles and Muslim’s thoughts.